HVAF.

Temperature: ~1700–1900 °C

Particle Velocity: Extremely high (up to 1500 m/s)

Coating Properties: Porosity < 0.2%, low oxide content, compressive stresses

Materials: Metallic powders, carbides (e.g., WC-Co, Cr₃C₂-NiCr)

Application Areas: We use HVAF for coatings where the operating environment places extremely high demands on factors such as low porosity, adhesion, and hardness.
The method is often used as a replacement for hard chrome plating to increase service life.

HVOF.

Temperature: ~2,800–3,100 °C

Particle Velocity: Very high (up to 1000 m/s)

Coating Properties: Dense, hard, low porosity, high adhesion

Materials: Metallic powders, carbides (e.g., WC-Co, Cr₃C₂-NiCr)

Application Areas: We use HVOF for coatings that are relatively thin, typically ~50–400 μm, and where low porosity and strong adhesion to the substrate are required.
The method is often used as a replacement for hard chrome plating to increase service life.

Temperature: ~10,000–15,000 °C (highest among all methods)

Particle Velocity: ~150–500 m/s (depends on the equipment)

Coating Properties: Good adhesion. A flexible method capable of spraying many different alloys in thicknesses from approximately 50 to 5000 μm. Its main advantage is coating ceramic layers.

Materials: Ceramics (e.g., Chromium Oxide (Cr₂O₃), Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃), Yttrium-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ), Yttrium Oxide (Y₂O₃)) and metals (e.g., Ni, Co, Fe, or Mo alloys)

Application Areas: Plasma is primarily used for ceramic coatings that require properties such as low friction, thermal barriers (TBC), and corrosion protection.

Temperature: ~5000–6000 °C

Particle Velocity: Conventional arc spraying 100–150 m/s

Coating Properties: Suitable for thicker coatings, providing protection against corrosion, wear, and friction.

Materials: Metals such as Fe, Ni, or Co alloys, bronze, copper, white metal (Babbitt).

Carbides (e.g., alloys with WC and Cr₃C₂)

Application Areas: We use arc spraying for coatings thicker than ~500 μm on surfaces such as bearing surfaces, shaft sleeves, bearing housings, pump housings, etc.

Temperature: ~3000–3200 °C

Particle Velocity: ~50–100 m/s

Coating Properties: Suitable for thicker coatings, providing protection against corrosion, wear, and friction.

Materials: Metals such as Fe, Ni, or Co alloys, bronze, copper, white metal (Babbitt), molybdenum.

Application Areas: We use flame spraying when applying coatings like chrome steel, Kanthal, and molybdenum, primarily on applications such as bearing surfaces, shaft sleeves, bearing housings, pump housings, etc.

Temperature: ~3000–3200 °C

Particle Velocity: ~50–100 m/s

Coating Properties: Simple equipment suitable for coatings that provide protection against corrosion, wear, friction, and thermal barrier coatings (TBC).

Materials: Metals such as Fe, Ni, or Co alloys, bronze, copper, ceramics, and Ni-SF (sinterable alloys).

Application Areas: We use flame spraying powder for coatings that need to be sintered (hot spraying). Alternatively, if a ceramic coating cannot be applied with plasma spraying, it can be done with flame powder spraying. However, this method does not reach the temperatures of plasma spraying, which remains the preferred choice for ceramics.